Home > Society > Religion and Spirituality > Islam > History > Dynasties and Empires > Ummayad > Ummayad - Cordoba
Abd al Rahman ibn Mu'awiyah ibn Hisham escaped the Abbasids, and succeeded in maintaining the Ummayad line in Spain; the Caliphate lasted until 1031, although little more than nominally in the latter years.
http://www.fordham.edu/halsall/source/711Tarik1.html
Translation of an address to his soldiers in 711 CE by Tarik, the Muslim leader who led the conquest of Spain.
http://www.fordham.edu/halsall/source/arab-poitiers732.html
A translation of an anonymous Arab chronicle about the Battle of Poitiers (or Tours) in 732.
http://www.friesian.com/islam.htm#abdur
An account of the Caliphate in the wider context of the Muslim world; includes a list of the Caliphs.
http://www.metmuseum.org/toah/hd/sumay/hd_sumay.htm
An online exhibition by the Metropolitan Museum of Art, New York, explores the achievements of this formative period of Hispano-Islamic art and architecture.
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